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雅思口語(yǔ)描述環(huán)境_雅思口語(yǔ)如何描述環(huán)境問(wèn)題

2023-10-15 09:55:09 來(lái)源:中國(guó)教育在線

現(xiàn)在留學(xué)的學(xué)生越來(lái)越多,留學(xué)可以開闊眼界,也能學(xué)習(xí)不一樣的教育體制,而且國(guó)外名校眾多,教育水平也一流。下面小編就來(lái)和大家說(shuō)說(shuō)“雅思口語(yǔ)描述環(huán)境_雅思口語(yǔ)如何描述環(huán)境問(wèn)題”這個(gè)問(wèn)題

雅思口語(yǔ)描述環(huán)境_雅思口語(yǔ)如何描述環(huán)境問(wèn)題

雅思 口語(yǔ)描述環(huán)境

隨著人類的發(fā)展,環(huán)境問(wèn)題也越發(fā)引人關(guān)注,要是在雅思口語(yǔ)考試中,被問(wèn)到關(guān)于環(huán)境的問(wèn)題,你該怎么回答呢?下面是雅思口語(yǔ)描述環(huán)境的方法,跟小編一起來(lái)了解下吧:

1.慣用口語(yǔ)句子:

Now the environmental pollution is too serious.

現(xiàn)在環(huán)境污染太嚴(yán)重了。

environmental a. 環(huán)境的

pollution n. 污染

Some people pay little attention to the environment.

有些人根本就不重視環(huán)境。

A lot of companies just ignore the law.

許多公司簡(jiǎn)直就無(wú)視法律,

little a. 很少,幾乎沒(méi)有

environment n. 環(huán)境

ignore n. 忽視,無(wú)視,不理睬

pay attention to“注意,重視”

They should stop contaminating the air.

他們應(yīng)該停止污染空氣。

contaminate v. 污染

The air in this mill stings the eyes.

這家工廠里的空氣刺激眼睛。

mill n. 工廠,制造廠

sting v. 刺痛,使疼痛

The illegal waste dumping has mushroomed in the last decade.

非法傾倒垃圾的現(xiàn)象近十年來(lái)愈演愈烈。

illegal a. 違法的,不合規(guī)定的

waste n. 廢物,廢品,廢料

dump v. 傾倒

mushroom v. 迅速增長(zhǎng)

decade n. 十年

Garbage is a necessary evil.

垃圾令人討厭,卻又無(wú)法避免。

garbage n.垃圾

evil n. 壞事,禍害

More and more plastic bags are used in everyday life, which is very harmful to the environment.

越來(lái)越多的塑料袋在日常生活中使用,對(duì)環(huán)境十分有害。

plastic a. 塑膠的,塑料的

harmful a. 有害的

be harmful to“對(duì)…有害處”

People should take measures to combat the deforestation.

人們應(yīng)該采取措施與亂砍亂伐作斗爭(zhēng)。

combat v. 反對(duì),與…戰(zhàn)斗

deforestation n. 砍伐森林

take measures“采取措施”

We can reduce the pollution by living a simple life.

我們可以過(guò)一種簡(jiǎn)單的生活來(lái)減少污染。

reduce v. 降低,減少,縮小

2.實(shí)用對(duì)話

On The Environment談?wù)摥h(huán)境

Lucy: Dad, what's that thick black foam on the river?

露西:爸爸,河上那層厚厚的黑色泡沫是什么?

Father: That's the waste from some factories.

父親:那是工廠排出來(lái)的廢料。

Lucy: I thought it was against the law to dump directly into the river.

露西:我原以為直接排放到河里是違法的呢。

Father: It is. But a lot of companies just ignore the law.

父親:是違法的??墒窃S多公司簡(jiǎn)直就無(wú)視法律。

Lucy: Why do they run such a risk?

露西:他們?yōu)槭裁匆斑@個(gè)險(xiǎn)呢?

Father: They can save a lot of money by doing this.

父親:這樣做可以省很多錢。

Lucy: But they make the river polluted and it smells bad too.

露西:可是他們污染了河流,氣味也變得難聞了。

Father: Not just the river, they also pollute the air and the soil.

父親:不僅僅是河流,還污染了空氣和土壤呢。

Lucy: The air is also polluted? They should stop contaminating the air.

露西:空氣也受到污染了嗎?他們應(yīng)該停止污染空氣。

Father: You've seen many people coughing all the time, and even your own eyes start to sting and get all watery just by going too near a factory.

父親:你看到好多人老是咳嗽,就因?yàn)樘咏S,你自己的眼睛也開始刺痛、流淚。

Lucy: Yeah. I've noticed those things, but l never really thought about why it happens.

露西:是啊。我已經(jīng)注意到這些事情了,可我從來(lái)沒(méi)想過(guò)是為什么。

Father: It's because there's too much sulfur dioxide in the air.

父親:這是因?yàn)榭諝庵泻写罅康亩趸颉?/p>

Lucy: What should we do?

露西:我們?cè)撛趺崔k呢?

Father: Maybe if we ever come to the river again, we'll have to wear masks. We'd better call the police and report what's happening.

父親:也許下次再來(lái)這個(gè)小河邊我們得戴上口罩了。我們最好打電話給警察,告訴他們這里發(fā)生的一切吧。

3.詳細(xì)解說(shuō)

1.“run a risk”表示“冒險(xiǎn),冒著危險(xiǎn),有危險(xiǎn)”;“run a risk of doing sth.”表示“冒險(xiǎn)做某事”。例如:Anyone travelling without a passport runs the risk of being arrested.(任何不帶護(hù)照旅行的人都有被捕的危險(xiǎn)。)另外,“take a/the risk (of doing sth.)”表示“決定冒險(xiǎn)(做某事)”,例知:Isn't he taking a risk in coming here?(他來(lái)這里不是在冒險(xiǎn)嗎?)I couldn't take the risk of leaving him alone even for a short time.(我不能冒險(xiǎn)留下他單獨(dú)一個(gè)人,哪怕是一小會(huì)兒。)Many people are willing to take the risk in order to protect their families.(很多人為了保護(hù)自己的家人都愿意冒這個(gè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。)

2.“sulfur dioxide”的意思是“二氧化硫”。

4.文化洗禮

美國(guó)人的環(huán)保觀

美國(guó)人環(huán)境意識(shí)很強(qiáng),能夠做到自覺(jué)愛(ài)護(hù)環(huán)境、保護(hù)環(huán)境。他們牢牢的樹立了一種信念:保護(hù)環(huán)境就是保護(hù)自身的生存空間;保護(hù)環(huán)境人人有責(zé)。他們自覺(jué)地保持自然生態(tài)的平衡,積極美化自己的家園。

美國(guó)人住房的前后院都由自己設(shè)計(jì)布置、鋪設(shè)草坪、種植花卉果樹等。用于出租的公寓則由房主負(fù)責(zé)管理,對(duì)花草定期澆灌、施肥、修剪。也有少數(shù)家庭用彩色石頭或鵝卵石鋪設(shè)院子里的地面或小徑,很少有土壤裸露的現(xiàn)象。

美國(guó)人常常帶著自己的寵物狗到公園散步,一般在公園的人口處都設(shè)有一個(gè)小木箱,里面放著免費(fèi)的專用塑料袋,用來(lái)戴在手上撿取狗糞。木箱子旁邊往往有一個(gè)牌子。牌子上寫著“DOG OWNERS ARE REQUIRED TO CLEAN UPAFTER DOGS, USE SCOOPERS PROVIDED AND DEPOSIT WASTE IN GARBAGE CONTAINER. THANK YOU.”,意思是要求狗的主人用所提供的塑料袋將狗的糞便放人垃圾箱中,保持公園清潔干凈。

許多生活社區(qū)里,家家門前綠樹成排,青草如茵。節(jié)假日時(shí),市民們常常喜歡全家老小在公園里“BBQ”(barbecue的縮寫,意為“燒烤”)。他們邊囈邊喝、邊唱邊聊,但事后大家總是將飲料瓶及其他廢物撿起來(lái),按垃圾分類要求分別放入垃圾桶并將周圍環(huán)境清掃干凈。

雅思口語(yǔ)如何描述環(huán)境問(wèn)題

氣候系統(tǒng)是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的系統(tǒng),包括各個(gè)分量(如大氣、海洋、陸地、冰雪等)之間的相互作用,當(dāng)其中一個(gè)分量產(chǎn)生變化時(shí),將引起其他分量發(fā)生變化。就地球的歷史而言,大冰期(Ice Age)至少出現(xiàn)過(guò)5次,小冰期(Little Ice Age)出現(xiàn)過(guò)若干次(感興趣的同學(xué)可以做一套相關(guān)雅思閱讀 C8T2P2)。人類社會(huì)進(jìn)入80 年代, 氣候較前10至20年顯示出明顯的變暖趨勢(shì),而人類活動(dòng),如燃燒化石燃料產(chǎn)生的二氧化碳,將對(duì)氣候產(chǎn)生重要的影響。

關(guān)于全球氣候變暖的影響,出于感性認(rèn)知,我當(dāng)時(shí)主要答了三個(gè)點(diǎn):

1. The rise of temperature on a global scale will lead to the melting of the icebergin Arctic and Antarctic. (氣候變暖使南北極冰山消融)

基礎(chǔ)詞匯:

“arc”表示“圓弧”

上北下南,北極在地球“上”為正弧(arc),即Arctic

而“anti”作為前綴表“反的,反對(duì)的”,“反北極”即南極,Anti+arctic=Antarctic南極

2. Sea level rise has accelerated in recent years.(海平面上升愈演愈烈)

基礎(chǔ)詞匯:

“accelerate”這個(gè)詞我們?cè)谏掀恼轮兄v過(guò)了,表示“使…加快,加速”。老外學(xué)字母是從ABC開始的,學(xué)駕駛也一樣,車上的ABC分別指accelerator(油門,加速器),brake(剎車)和clutch(離合器)。

3. Endangered Animals & Loss of Biodiversity (物種瀕危,生物多樣性被破壞)

2月底獲得廣泛關(guān)注,由《國(guó)家地理》攝影鏡頭捕捉到雄性北極熊吃掉幼崽的視頻,體現(xiàn)了全球變暖帶來(lái)的另一影響,冰層的融化、縮小、變薄讓北極熊狩獵的立足之地因此漸漸消失。視頻反映了在糧食短缺的情況下,北極熊選擇自相殘殺的事件可能會(huì)變得更加常見(jiàn)。

毛骨悚然和心碎之余,不禁感嘆這個(gè)我們心中的“游泳健將” 的數(shù)量和生育率都在逐年下降。調(diào)查顯示,土著居民雖然狩獵北極熊,但傳統(tǒng)狩獵方法所捕殺的北極熊數(shù)量并不會(huì)對(duì)其生存構(gòu)成威脅,罪魁禍?zhǔn)滓廊皇潜睒O冰層的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)被破壞。

簡(jiǎn)單介紹其他常見(jiàn)環(huán)境問(wèn)題:

Acid Rain酸雨

Definition:rain, which is polluted by chemicals

Effects: health problems, soil pollution,water pollution etc.

基礎(chǔ)詞匯,英文中的“酸”有哪些酸:

1.sour,tasting or smelling sharp and unpleasant, not fresh

味道酸的,變酸的,發(fā)酵的

e.g. Milk goes sour so fast on such a boiling hot day.

2. sore,aching&painful

疼痛的,酸痛的

e.g. Igot aching back and sore legs after snowboarding for 2 hours.

3. jealous

妒忌的

自古以來(lái),女人的酸才是最酸的,不多解釋…關(guān)于這一詞在英文中有個(gè)很美好的解釋是“唯恐失去的”,所以請(qǐng)珍惜那個(gè)翻你手機(jī)的女朋友。

Deforestation 采伐森林

Definition:the cutting down of trees on a large scare

Effects:affect the atmosphere (carbon dioxide, oxygen), climate change and

loss ofhabitat for animals

雅思口語(yǔ)回答的基本法則

首先是“直接回答”,是指針對(duì)考官的提問(wèn)直接正面回答,切忌兜圈子和回避考官問(wèn)題。接下來(lái),我們要針對(duì)回答進(jìn)行解釋,給出原因。很多同學(xué)面對(duì)熟悉的話題很容易想到原因,但是如果是日常生活中很少接觸的事物,則會(huì)沒(méi)有頭緒。出現(xiàn)這種狀況的原因是大家往往傾向于從事物本身的特點(diǎn)出發(fā)想原因,參見(jiàn)以下例子:(請(qǐng)注意黑體字因果邏輯連接詞的替換):

I’m quite into music for the reason that it never fails to cheer me up。

I love my name coz it makes people easily remember me。

I enjoy playing computer games as it’s really fun and it’s a great way to loosen up。

從這個(gè)角度出發(fā)想原因并沒(méi)錯(cuò),但是當(dāng)這條路走不通的時(shí)候,可以從其他角度發(fā)散思維。例如回想一下自己以往好的或者糟糕的經(jīng)歷,參考以下例子:

I can’t stand public transportation coz every time I take a bus or subway, especially during rush hours, it’s packed like sardines and I feel like I’m going to die。

Swimming would be the last thing (that) I want to do。 And as I see it, it’s mainly because once I almost drowned in a river when I was little。 It was so horrible。

其次可以想想身邊人對(duì)你的影響,參考以下例子:

I’m a big fan of classical music thanks to my mom, who used to put on some music by Beethoven or Schubert at home when I was a kid。

I find it great to ride bicycles thanks to my bestie, Lily, who is a super fan of cycling。 Actually, she always invites me to some local cycling events and gradually it’s become a necessary part of my life as well。

總結(jié)一下,當(dāng)剛剛聽(tīng)到問(wèn)題沒(méi)有思路時(shí),可以從以下幾個(gè)方面來(lái)找靈感:事物本身特點(diǎn)、自己過(guò)去經(jīng)歷(開心的/不開心的)、其他人的影響。這樣可以幫助我們大大提高流利度。

最后,補(bǔ)充一些細(xì)節(jié)來(lái)支撐剛剛給出的原因。不知道如何給具體例子的烤鴨們,李雙老師建議參考“個(gè)人習(xí)慣句型”I mean/Actually/In fact/For example, what, who, when, where, why。

下面我們通過(guò)Part 1和Part 3兩道例題,再來(lái)完整回顧一下“直接回答-給原因-給細(xì)節(jié)”這個(gè)法則。

Part 1例題:What’s your favorite part of your country?

I definitely think the food culture is the best part of my country。 (直接作答)I mean, China never fails to satisfy all peoples’ needs for tasty food。 (給原因)Although sometimes the way we make food is not that healthy, I still think it’s an ideal place for foodies for the reason that it has a lot to offer, from spicy food to light-cooked food to various kinds of dessert。(給細(xì)節(jié))

有時(shí)“給原因”和“給細(xì)節(jié)”的順序可以靈活調(diào)整,參考下面Part 3部分的一道例題:Are science museums popular in China?

Definitely! Science museums are popular among not only science buff but also people who are not that crazy about science (直接作答)。 Actually, no matter it’s during the weekdays or on the weekends, science museums are always busy and full of visitors (給細(xì)節(jié))。 As I see it, it’s mainly because the exhibitions/displays in those science museums enable people to enhance their knowledge about S&T in an interactive and vivid way (給原因)。

最后,建議大家在平時(shí)備考訓(xùn)練過(guò)程中,有意識(shí)地培養(yǎng)自己的縱向邏輯,這樣可以讓回答更有層次感,避免邏輯過(guò)于跳躍。

雅思高分口語(yǔ)表達(dá)方法

很多考生在走出雅思口語(yǔ)考場(chǎng)后,把考官的音容笑貌深刻的在了自己腦海里,是不茍言笑的,亦或是親切可愛(ài)的,繼而不斷糾結(jié)這位考官會(huì)不會(huì)看自己不順眼,或者是能夠給自己一個(gè)印象分。

筆者曾經(jīng)問(wèn)過(guò)一位前任雅思考官,在口語(yǔ)考試中是否真的有印象分,他沒(méi)給說(shuō)‘Yes’or‘No’,但回答同樣耐人尋味,‘Well, we will judge a candidate’s level strictly according to the marking criteria, but we would feel happy with those who understand how to communicate in a polite and delightful way.’可見(jiàn),考生們?nèi)绻朴谑褂靡恍┪裥缘谋磉_(dá),通過(guò)句式的變化將要表達(dá)的意思烘托或暗示給考官,不僅讓考官在整個(gè)過(guò)程中感到舒適,也相應(yīng)的消除了自己的緊張情緒。

在雅思口語(yǔ)的教學(xué)過(guò)程中,我發(fā)現(xiàn)很多學(xué)生口語(yǔ)非常流利,但有的句子說(shuō)出來(lái)卻令人不悅,比如有的話題讓我們表達(dá)不滿意的事或物,比如‘Describe a subject you dislike’或‘Describe a movie you dislike’,很多同學(xué)直接這樣回答,‘We are unhappy with that movie.’或 ‘We are dissatisfied with that subject. ’,其實(shí),我們完全可以換一種更加禮貌的方式,‘I'm sorry but we're not very happy with that movie.’或 ‘We're not completely satisfied.’。

雅思口語(yǔ)中還有很多話題談及我們的需要,很多同學(xué)直接用 ‘want’ 來(lái)表達(dá)自己的需求,比如, ‘I want to listen some English songs.’, 稍作改動(dòng)為‘I would need some sort of English songs when I am free’顯得更加婉轉(zhuǎn); 另外,當(dāng)提出某種建議時(shí),有的學(xué)生會(huì)說(shuō) ‘The government must improve the environment nowadays.’, 在這里直接用‘must’這個(gè)小詞就顯得太過(guò)生硬,可以改成 ‘We were rather hoping to improve the environment nowadays.’

另外,在Part 3中考官會(huì)和學(xué)生根據(jù)Part 2的相關(guān)內(nèi)容進(jìn)行討論,也會(huì)詢問(wèn)學(xué)生對(duì)某件事的態(tài)度或觀點(diǎn),比如‘Do you think the traffic in your country will get better in the future?’, ‘Do you think playing computer games do more harm than good to children?’, 許多同學(xué)在表達(dá)‘不同意’時(shí)會(huì)非常直接的說(shuō), ‘I won't agree to this.’ 或者 ‘I can’t accept it.’。如果換一種句式,就會(huì)顯得更加有禮貌,比如 ‘I find it somewhat difficult to agree to.’或者 ‘Unfortunately, we would be unable to tolerate that. ’

從上面的幾個(gè)例子也不難看出,改動(dòng)后的句子變得更加委婉,讓考官聽(tīng)起來(lái)也會(huì)覺(jué)得順耳。在社會(huì)語(yǔ)言學(xué)中,委婉的語(yǔ)言是日常交際中很重要的組成部分,這也是西方人回答問(wèn)題和表達(dá)自己觀點(diǎn)時(shí)常用的說(shuō)話方式。在雅思口語(yǔ)考試中,有四種簡(jiǎn)單的方法可以讓你的口語(yǔ)回答顯得更加委婉且有禮貌:

1. 多用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

比如would, should, could, might來(lái)表示自己的態(tài)度,看法、建議或忠告,比如:

(1) Without relaxation, our life might be sharply shortened. 沒(méi)有休息,生命也許會(huì)縮短。

(2) But if they watch TV too much, their eyes would be seriously hurt and they might be distracted from their study。如果看電視過(guò)多,他們的眼睛或許會(huì)嚴(yán)重受損,也會(huì)分散學(xué)習(xí)的精力。

(3) Umm, it could be anything, like punctured tires, diversions of traffic, sudden descent of fog… … 嗯,任何情況(都可以導(dǎo)致遲到),比如爆胎,交通變道,大霧……

2. 在句首可用maybe/perhaps, unfortunately, unluckily, I'm afraid, I’m not sure..., I doubt…提出建議、請(qǐng)求或表示反駁、反對(duì)等。

(1) Maybe I should eat more vegetables to keep a healthy diet. 或許我應(yīng)該吃更多的水果來(lái)保持健康的飲食。

(2) Perhaps there’s another side of the question. 也許這個(gè)問(wèn)題還有另一種情況。

(3) I am afraid children would be addicted to online games and put their study aside. 我擔(dān)心孩子們會(huì)對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲上癮,把學(xué)業(yè)擱置一邊。

3.大量使用not very / quite, rather, somewhat, slightly, sort of、a little bit,或者使用否定句型代替直接性的否定詞匯,比如not completely,not very等,來(lái)軟化絕對(duì)和強(qiáng)硬的語(yǔ)氣,給人一種正面的感覺(jué)。

4、用插入語(yǔ)或附加問(wèn)句表示自己的看法。

(1) That’s not quite reasonable, I guess. 我想,那樣不太合理吧!

(2) Dogs, it seems, love to chew up cash money. 狗看起來(lái)喜歡咀嚼紙幣。

(3) Rainy days often cause too much inconvenience to people’s daily lives, isn’t it? 下雨天會(huì)給人們的日常生活帶來(lái)很多不便,不是嗎?

通過(guò)上文的內(nèi)容介紹,大家對(duì)“雅思口語(yǔ)描述環(huán)境_雅思口語(yǔ)如何描述環(huán)境問(wèn)題”大家是不是有了一個(gè)大致的了解呢?如果大家還想了解更詳細(xì)、更多的相關(guān)內(nèi)容,則可以繼續(xù)關(guān)注本頻道,也可以向本頻道咨詢。

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